微生态复合菌制剂在对虾养殖中的应用研究

Application of a Preparation of Micro-Ecological Probiotics in Culti vation of Prawns

以芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌为主体菌,并辅以放线菌组成的微生态复合菌制剂用于对虾养殖中,探讨了它们对养殖水体理化因子、生物因子和对虾生长的影响。模拟试验结果表明,投加微生态复合菌制剂后,试验池6dCODCr去除率高达84.7%;迅速矿化有机氮,有效加强硝化-反硝化作用,控制NH4-N在一定水平,NO2-N去除率高达81.5%;pH稳定在8.0～8.3之间,DO保持在5mg·L-1的较高水平。虾池长期监测结果表明,试验池水质各项指标均优于对照池;无任何大规模虾病发生;未出现“耍食”现象。试验池比对照池增产近1倍,成本降低近80%。

A preparation of micro-ecological probiotics, in which Bacillus s p. and Lactobacillus are chief microbes and associated with Actinomycetes, was a pplied in cultivation of prawns. The number of living microbes was discovered to be 1012 cells·g-1 with a dosage of mg·L-1. The results of the simulated experiment showed that: after six days since bacteria preparation was put into the prawn ponds, CODCr of experimental ponds was reduced by up to 84.7%compar ed with control one; while organic nitrogen was rapidly mineralized to NH4-N. We also found that nitrification-denitrification was effectively intensified; the concentration of NH4-N was controlled at a relatively low level and the co ncentration of NO2-N was reduced by up to 81.5%compared with the control po nd; pH was stabilized at 8.3～8.5; DO was maintained at a comparatively high le vel of 5 mg·L-1. Our long-term monitoring results showed: in the experimen tal ponds, all kinds of indicators were superior to those of control pond. In ad dition, there were few diseases and no phenomenon so called “none-eating foo d”. The yields from the experimental ponds were almost enhanced by approximate ly one fold and the cost was reduced by approximately 80%.