水环境中Cd和Cu污染对监测生物河蚬积累效应的影响

Accumulation Effects of Biomonitoring Indicator Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Under Different Cd and Cu Pollution Conditions

以河蚬作为指示生物,采用室内培养方法,研究了不同浓度的Cd和Cu的单独及联合作用的毒性效应。结果显示,在水体中浓度为10、20、30、40、50μg·L-1的Cd与Cu单独作用下,河蚬体内Cd与Cu的含量分别与其在该环境中的暴露时间和浓度呈显著正相关。在同样浓度的Cd与Cu共同存在的环境中,河蚬体内的Cd与Cu的含量仍与环境中该物质的浓度呈显著正相关,且随着暴露时间的延长均表现出对污染物质积累的增加。初步建议:河蚬可作为淡水中重金属污染的监测指示生物。

Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea), one of fresh water bivalve specie s, often abundant in the rivers of Pearl Dealta, has been used as bioindicator t o monitor the toxicity of many kinds of heavy metals. Our Corbicula Clams were b ought from the market in Guangzhou and were fed by a species of green algae. The healthy matured clams with(22±1)mm in length and (20±1) mm in height were s elected for the experiment. After 5 day′s domestication with tap water in the lab, they were used for monitoring the toxicity of Cd and Cu under the effects o f single and combined of heavy metals with different concentrations. The effects of different disposed time and water Cd and Cu concentrations on the clam were observed and analyzed, and bioaccumulation factors of Cd and Cu in clams under d ifferent water Cd and Cu concentrations were calculated. It was found that the a mount of Cd and Cu accumulated in Asian Clam body increased with the increase of the concentration and exposed time of Cd and Cu in the environment under the si ngle effect of concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ìg稬-1, and that st ill increased with the increase of the concentration and exposed time under the combined effects and the same concentration condition. There existed a significa nt correlation between the bioaccumulation and the concentration of heavy metals in solution. These findings suggested that Asian Clam, as a kind of economical bivalve species, might be used to monitor the heavy metal pollution in fresh wat er.