黑暗培养对苹果组培快繁及叶片再生的影响

The effect of darkness culture on micorpropagation and adventitious bud generation from leaf in apple

为明确暗培养在苹果组培中的作用,研究了适当黑暗培养对苹果组培快繁及叶片再生的影响。新红星苹果茎尖外植体接种和生根阶段,1周暗培养有利于茎尖分化和不定根诱导。M26继代苗接种10d后进行10～15d的黑暗培养,可显著增加有效苗数量。乔纳金、王林苹果叶片再生经3周左右暗培养,可将再生率提高3倍多,再生芽数增加4～6倍。生理代谢分析表明,除淀粉含量外,暗培养试管苗的可溶性糖、氨基酸、蛋白质的含量均比光培养苗高。

The effect of moderate darkness applied was studied on the efficiency of micropropagation and adventitious bud generation from leaf in apple. For the Starkrimson cultivar, it was good for the shoot tip differentiation and adventitious root induction if applying darkness culture for one week. Subculture plantlets of M_(26) inoculated 10 days later applied darkness culture for 10～15 days could increase the amount of efficient plantlets and propagation efficiency. About three weeks darkness culture during adventitious bud generation from leaf explant in Jonagold and Orin apple could increase the adventitious bud generation rate for more than three times and the amount of adventitious buds for three to six times. Physiological metabolism analysis showed that the amount of soluble solid, amino acid, and protein were higher in the plantlets applied darkness culture than that in the plantlets applied routine photoperiod culture, except the amount of starch.