微胶囊红磷阻燃剂在低密度聚乙烯材料中的应用研究

Study on Application of Microencapsulated Red Phosphorus Flame Retardant in LDPE Compound

研究了微胶囊红磷不同包覆、用量、粒径及与其它阻燃剂的协效作用等因素对低密度聚乙烯 (LDPE)材料的阻燃性、力学性能及抑烟性能的影响。蜜胺树脂囊材包覆与蜜胺树脂 /硼酸锌双层囊材包覆微胶囊红磷在聚乙烯(PE)中的阻燃性最好 ;8phr的微胶囊红磷添加量即可使材料的阻燃性能达UL 94V -0级 ,极限氧指数 (LOI)从17 4%上升到 2 2 5 % ;在添加量范围内对材料的力学性能影响很小 ;二元体系中 ,微胶囊红磷 /氢氧化铝 ,微胶囊红磷 /氢氧化镁与微胶囊红磷 /硼酸锌复配具有良好的阻燃协效作用 ,协效指数分别为 1 6、 1 4和 2 3 ,微胶囊红磷 /硼酸锌二元复合体系有良好的抑烟协效作用 ,三元体系中 ,微胶囊红磷 /硼酸锌 /十溴联苯醚、微胶囊红磷 /氢氧化铝 /氢氧化镁和微胶囊红磷 /硼酸锌 /三聚氰胺体系有很好的阻燃协效作用 ,协效指数分别为 2 6、 2 1与 2 0。

The effects of the encapsulant, content, particle size and synergistic action of microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP)with other flame retardant on the flame retardancy, mechanical properties and smoke suppressing of flame-retarded LDPE cable compound were studied. The results showed that the flame retardancy of the compound containing MRP in the melamine resin and in the melamine resin/zinc borate was the best. When the content of the MRP was 8phr, the flame retardancy of the compound reached up to the level of UL94 V-0 and the LOI increased from 17.4% to 22.5%; and the effect on the mechanical properties of the compound was little when the content was within the extent of loading; among the binary systems, MRP/aluminium hydroxide, MRP/magnesium hydroxide and MRP/zinc borate had the excellent synergistic effects, the synergistic indexes were 1.6, 1.4 and 2.3 respectively, and MRP/zinc borate had good synergetic effects of smoke suppressing; among ternary systems, MRP/zinc borate/decabromodiphenyl, MRP/aluminium hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide and MRP/zinc borate/melamine had the excellent synergistic effects, the synergistic indexes were 2.6, 2.1 and 2.0 separately.