白腐菌漆酶特性及其应用前景

Characteristics of Laccases from White Rot Fungus and Prospect of Application

木质素是第二天然聚合物,木质素的降解是碳素循环中的关键一步。自然界中木质素的降解主要是通过丝状真菌,尤其是白腐菌的分解作用来完成的。漆酶是一种含铜多酚氧化酶,按其主要来源分为漆树漆酶和真菌漆酶两大类,研究表明,漆酶可作用的底物范围广泛。本文综述了白腐菌漆酶的结构特性、催化氧化性质,以及漆酶在环境保护、造纸工业、食品工业、生物检测及其它领域中的应用前景。

Lignin is the second natural polymer. The biodegradation of lignin is the key step of carbon recycling. The lignin in the environment is degraded by the white rot fungus mainly. Laccases are copper-containing polyphenoloxidases,which can be classified to Rhus Laccase and Fungal Laccase according to its sources. A wide range of substrates could be directly oxidized by laccase as enzyme substrates. The paper presents the characteristics of structure,catalytic oxidation function as well as the prospect of the wide application in the future in the protection of environment,paper making,food industry,bioexamining and other fields.