儿童孤独症及其语言训练探讨

Study on child autism and speech training.

【目的】 探讨儿童孤独症病因、临床表现、诊断及其语言训练的效果。 【方法】 对 116例儿童孤独症病例进行生物学因素 (妊娠史、出生史、家族史、抽搐史 )、家庭因素 (父母性格、家庭教育方式 )、病历主诉、发病年龄、确诊年龄、辅助检查 (脑CT、EEG、BAEP和SPECT)做统计分析。其中 43例孤独症儿童进行了语言训练。训练前后使用 [S S〗法检查和构音障碍检查 ,根据结果进行个体化语言训练 ,并对结果做统计学分析。 【结果】 病历主诉以语言障碍和交流障碍为主 ,脑部SPECT异常检出率高 ,主要表现为大脑局灶性血流灌注量降低。确诊年龄晚于发病年龄 2 9个月。语言训练与改善语言交流、功能性构音障碍者差异有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;不同年龄组之间的语言治疗效果差异有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。 【结论】 异常妊娠史、出生史、家族史和父亲内向的性格特点与孤独症发病有较密切关系 ,临床易误诊。语言训练对促进孤独症患儿的语言交流能力的效果肯定 ,年龄越小 ,效果越好 ;疗程越长 。

Objective To explore the pathogenesis, symptom,diagnosis , the effects of speech therapy on autism. 116 cases of autism children were studied by statistical analysis about biologic factors (pregnancy,birth,family,seizure),family factors(parents’ character, family education method),chief complaint,pathogenic age,diagnosistic age and assistant examinations(CT,EEG,BAEP and SPECT). 43 children of autism were trained by speech therapy among them. With[s-s method] check, anarthria was examined before and after training.Meanwhile conclusions of training methods and treatmemt results were maken. check, anarthria was examined before and after training.Meanwhile conclusions of training methods and treatmemt results were maken. Among the assistant examinations, an especially high abnormality was found in SPECT.Diagnostic age was later than the pathogenic age for 29 months.There was obvious difference of speech training on improving language communication and functional anarthria (P<0.01).The effect of speech training on different age group was obviously seen (P<0.01). [Conclusions] There is relationship among the abnormality of pregnancy,birth,family, father’s inner-character and the pathogenesis of autism,and easy to delay the correct diagnosis.There is steady effect of speech training on improving the language communicate ability for autism child.The more small the age is, the more effective the treatment is,and the long the training is,the more steady the effect is.