1999-2003年泸州市麻疹流行病学分析

Analysis on Preventive Measures of 1999-2003 Epidemiological Measles in Luzhou

目的 了解泸州市麻疹流行病学规律 ,探讨防治措施。方法 应用描述性流行病学方法对泸州市近 5年麻疹发病情况进行分析。结果 泸州市麻疹发病率波动在 4 31/ 10万～ 35 39/ 10万之间 ,2 0 0 0年发病率为 35 39/ 10万 ,2 0 0 3年为 19 4 9/ 10万 ,呈现 2年 1次流行高峰和散发与爆发并存的流行病学特征 ;报告病例中有明确免疫史者仅占 9 0 3% ,未免疫者占 12 2 4 % ,免疫史不祥者高达78 73% ;报告麻疹病例检测出麻疹IgM抗体阳性率 6 2 37% ,检测出风疹IgM抗体阳性率 6 97%。结论 接种率低和免疫成功率不高 ,疫情报告不及时、迟报、漏报是造成麻疹发的重要原因。提高接种率和免疫成功率 ,加强和完善麻疹监测系统 ,是控制麻疹的两项根本措施。

Objective Analyze the Epidemiological rule of Measles in Luzhou and study the preventive measures. Method All the data of the epidemic situation of the Incidence of Measles in Luzhou in recent 5 years was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Result The Incidence rate of Measles showed that the most cases occurred in every 2 years. And also showed that there is Epidemiological rule that co exist with sporadic and outbreak The Incidence rate is between 4 31/100 000～35 39/100 000. In the year 2000 the incidence rate was 35 39/100 000. In the year 2003 was 19 49/100 000. Conclusion Lower immunization coverage rate and immune successful rate, and epidemic situation was not reported in time or failed to report is the most important reason to occur outbreaks of Measles. Thus, to improve the immunization coverage rate and the immune successful rate, reinforce and consummate the Measles Surveillance System is the ultimate measures to control the Measles.