南美白对虾对内陆碳酸盐型盐碱水环境适应性研究Ⅱ.淡化幼虾对pH值的适应能力

Adaptability to Penaeus vannamei on Carbonate Saline-Alkaline Water Environment Ⅱ. Adaptability of Desalination Juvenile on pH

为探讨东北松嫩平原碳酸盐型盐碱水域移植南美白对虾的可能性,以天然盐碱泡水为实验液,采用急性毒性实验法,研究了淡化幼虾对pH值的适应能力。结果表明,在水温(24.2±1.4)℃、盐度3.26‰～3.77‰的条件下,碱度分别在2,4和8mmol/L时,pH值对淡化幼虾毒性作用的24hLpH50分别为9.42,9.16和8.80,48hLpH50分别为9.30,8.90和8.60,72hLpH50分别为9.15,8.82和8.42,96hLpH50分别为9.00,8.80和8.25。当碱度为16mmol/L时,24hLpH50为7.40。认为淡化幼虾对pH值的适应能力不如鲢、鳙、草鱼等淡水鱼类,同时还与其它水生态因子有关;淡化幼虾难以逾越pH值的障碍因素,培育“碱化”虾苗是东北松嫩平原碳酸盐型盐碱水域移植南美白对虾的重要途径。

For the sake of understanding the possibility of transplanting Penaeus vannamei in carbonate saline-alkaline waters of the Songnen Plain, northeast China, ability to desalination juvenile on pH was investigated in natural saline-alkaline water and acute toxicity test at water temperatures(24.2±1.4)℃and the salinity of 3.26‰～3.77‰, in August 2003. The results indicated that the 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours LpH50 of pH to desalination juvenile were 9.42, 9.30, 9.15 and 9.00 at the alkalinity of 2 mmol/L respectively. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours LpH50 of pH to desalination juvenile were 9.16, 8.90, 8.82 and 8.80 at the alkalinity of 4 mmol/L respectively. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours LpH50 of pH to desalination juvenile were 8.80, 8.60, 8.42 and 8.25 at the alkalinity of 8 mmol/L respectively, and the 24 hours LpH50 of pH to desalination juvenile was 7.40 at the alkalinity of 16 mmol/L. Ability to desalination juvenile on pH is relatively poor than the freshwater fish -silver carp, variegated carp and grass carp, and the other water ecofactors have something to do with it. High pH is the insurmountable obstacles ways of transplanting P. vannamei in carbonate saline-alkaline waters.