论翻译的损失与补偿——兼评张谷若的翻译技巧

On loss and compensation in translating ——Concurrently on the Zhang Guruo's translation skills

翻译是一种复杂的交际活动,它要求译者忠实于原文,然而,对原文忠实是有限度的,绝对的忠实是不存在的。翻译过程必然伴随着诸多方面的损失,比如原文中的幽默、方言、谐音、典故、时态转换、修辞等等方面,都不可能在译文中完全传达。译者可以灵活采用多种变通手段,用以补偿翻译过程中出现的种种损失。从文章所给例句可以看出,张谷若善于使用多种补偿措施,使译文在更大程度上贴近原文。

Translation, as a complex activity, requires the translator to be faithful to the original. However, faithfulness has some limitations and one can never be absolutely faithful in translating. There is unavoidably something lost in rendering the original, such as humor, dialect, homophonic, allusion, tense-shift, figures of speech, etc. A translator can make flexible use of various means to make compensation of different losses. The examples show that Zhang Guruo is good at making compensation, thus making his version closer to the original.