高效石油降解菌的筛选及其在油田废水深度处理中的应用

Screening Highly Efficient Petroleum-degrading Bacteria and Their Application in Advanced Treatment of Oil Field Wastewater

从石油污染的土壤和水体中富集、分离到 12株高效石油降解菌 ,各单菌株的降油率为4 0 3%～ 5 7 6 % ,其中O - 8- 3、O - 2 8- 2和O - 4 6菌可耐受 4 0℃的温度和 1 5 %的盐度。经初步鉴定 ,这 3株菌分别为假单胞菌 (Pseudomonassp .)、芽孢杆菌 (Bacillussp .)和不动杆菌(Acinetobactersp .)。与单一O - 8- 3菌株相比 ,O - 8- 3/O - 2 8- 2 /O - 4 6混合菌株对石油的降解率可提高 2 0 1% ,可耐受石油类初始质量浓度从 2 0 0 0mg/L提高到 5 0 0 0mg/L。通过在实验室接种O - 8- 3/O - 2 8- 2 /O - 4 6混合菌株于生物反应器中处理胜利油田采油废水的试验结果表明 ,72h内石油污染物的降解率达 96 9% ,比接种自然细菌群落的降解率提高了6 0 7%。

Twelve strains of petroleum-degrading bacteria were enriched and isolated from petroleum contaminated water and soil samples.The degradation efficiency of one single strain is from 40.3% to 57.6%.The strains O-8-3,O-28-2 and O-46 from the twelve strains can survive a temperature as high as 40℃ and a salinity of 1.5%.The three strains are identified as Pseudomonas sp. , Bacillus sp. and Acinetobacter sp. Compared with the single strain O-8-3,the mixed strains of O-8-3,O-28-2 and O-46 can increase the petroleum degradation rate by 20.1%,and permit the initial petroleum concentration to increase from 2000 mg/L to 5000 mg/L.In laboratory treatment of Shengli Oilfield wastewater,96.9% of oil contaminants were degraded by the mixed strains in 72 h,increasing 60.7% in comparison with that by indigenous bacterial consortia.