人对阴极射线管显示器屏显信息处理能力的研究

A Study on Human Ability to Process Information Presented on the CRT Display

本研究设计了难度和反应方式不同的三种类型的信息处理。要求被试者对屏显数字按双数减1,单数加1,0和9为0的规则说出相应的数字或按压相应的键,对屏显汉字说出其代表数字或与该汉字组成词组的另一汉字的代表数字,或按压相应的键。主要实验结果:(1)信息处理的时间与信息处理的难度成正相关;(2)确定了每种信息处理类型在选择信息载体和反应键的数量为3-10个时的单个信息载体认知和信息析取所需的时间以及包括按键反应的单个信息载体信息处理所需的时间;(3)选择信息载体和反应键的数量愈大,单个信息处理所需的时间愈长,建立了这种相关的数学模型;(4)确定了每种信息处理类型在显示时间为2～10s、口头报告或按键反应时的信息被正确处理的信息载体数量和视觉通道信息传递量,建立了这种信息载体数量与显示时间相关的数学模型。

Three types of infomation processing with different degrees of diffi-culty and different patterns of reaction were designed.The subjects were asked to speakout the corresponding numeral or to match a corresponding key basing on the principlethat even number minus one,odd number plus one,nought and nine are nought for pre-sented numerals,and to speak out the numeral or to match a key representing the present-ed Chinese character or another one which constructs the phrase with the presented Chi-nese character.The main results obtained are as follows:(1) the time for informationprocessing is positively correlated with the degree of difficulty of information processing;(2)the time needed for cognizing single information carriers and seperating informationfrom it,and the time needed for information processing of single information carrier in-eluding the press-key reaction were determined for each type of information processingwith different number of choice of information carriers and reaction keys from 3 to 10;(3) the more the choice number of the information carriers and the reaction keys,thelonger the time for the single information processing,and the mathematical model of thiscorrelativity was established;(4)the number of information carriers correctly processedthe infomation and the number of information transfered in visual channel with oral ac-count or press-key reaction were determined for each type of information processing withdifferent durations of presentation from 2 to 10 seconds,and the mathematical model ofthe correlativity of the number of information carriers correctly processed the informationwith the duration of presentation was established.