内陆湿地保护的水环境控制模式研究

Research on the Water Environment Controlling Pattern in Protection of Inland Wetland

水是湿地生态的基本因子 ,对湿地的形成、演化、保护及发挥其功能具有决定性的控制作用 ,保护湿地的重要措施之一是保护湿地的水环境。根据水对湿地的决定性作用 ,在湿地水量均衡和水质均衡模型的基础上 ,提出湿地保护的水环境控制模式及措施。内陆湿地必须通过补水并适当排水才能控制湿地的水质、水量 ,达到保护湿地的目的。以吉林省查干湖湿地为例应用所建立的数学模型进行分析计算 ,确定该湿地保护所需的补水量及排水量。

Water is the foundational factor in wetlands ecologic system, which plays a decisive role in the formation, evolution and protection of wetlands. One of the important measures to protect wetlands is to protect the water environment of wetlands. According to the function of wetland water, and on the base of the equalization pattern of wetland water quantity and quality, the pattern and measures of water environment controlling in wetland protection were proposed in this paper. In order to achieve the aim of Inland wetland protection, the quantity and quality of wetland water must be controlled by recharge and discharge water. Taking the example of Chagan Lake wetland of Jilin province, the quantity of recharge and discharge water, the outflow coefficient and the period of water renew for its protection were calculated.