下颌骨节段缺失弹性牵引成骨动物模型制作

Animal models of elastic distraction osteogenesis for reconstruction of mandibular segmental defect

目的 :探索使用钛镍合金牵引器弹性加载自动牵引成骨重建节段性缺失下颌骨的动物建模方法。方法 :分别选用 8只成年杂种犬和 12只成年新西兰兔为实验动物 ,手术截除犬一侧下颌骨体部 3cm骨段、兔一侧下颌支 1.5cm骨段 ,不同方法安放自制钛镍记忆合金牵引器 ,术后定期观察 ,至 3月时处死取材 ,观察缺损修复情况。结果 :在钛镍合金牵引器的弹性加载张力作用下 ,采用保留一侧骨膜附着完全骨切开形成的传送骨段可自行移动完成牵引成骨 ,初步修复了实验动物下颌骨节段性缺损。结论 :弹性加载自动牵引成骨是一种具有广阔应用前景的新技术 ,杂种犬及纯种兔可为这种技术的深入研究提供理想的动物模型。

Objective: To establish suitable animal models for elastic distraction osteogenesis using titanium-nickelalloy distractor for reconstruction of mandibular segmental defect. Methods: Eight adult hybrid canines and twelve adult New Zealand rabbits were used in the experiment. Segmental defects were created by surgical osteotomy, 3cm in canine mandibular body and 1.5cm in rabbit mandibular ramus respectively. Titanium-nickel distractors, designed by us, were settled in different ways and bone transport distraction was applied. The animals were observed periodically and sacrificed 3 months after the operation. Mandibles were harvested to observe reconstruction results of the defect. Results:Under elastic distraction forces of titanium-nickel distractor, the transport bone disc created by osteotomy and connected by lingual periosteum attachment could move automatically to implement distraction osteogenesis. The segmental defects were preliminary reconstructed.Conclusions:Automatic distraction osteogenesis by elastic loading could be a hopeful and useful technique. The canine and rabbit are suitable animals for further research of the technique.