论晚清书院改课的近代化量变作用

On the Effect of the Modern Quantitative Change of the Curriculum Reform in the Late Qing Dynasty

晚清书院改课的内在动力 ,源于清政府文化专制政策导致的书院教育衰败 ;而自 1 9世纪 60年代开始的近代社会转型 ,却构成了书院改课的外在动力。改中学之旧 ,立西学之新 ,是晚清书院改课的中心内容。在外力的推动下 ,书院改课承接了传统书院改革的精神 ,出现了近代化的量变反映 ,实现着从古代到近代两种价值观念的嫁接与融合 ,并促使书院借助西学向现代转变 。

The intrinsic motivation of the college curriculum reform in the late Qing Dynasty originated from the decay of college education under the autocratic culture policy while its extrinsic motivation was the transformation of society from 1860’s. The main subject of the curriculum reform was to change the old content of Chinese lore and to establish the new content of the west. Under the impulse of the extrinsic motivation, the college took in the spirit of the traditional college reform and appeared the tendency of modern quantitative change. The reform achieved the graft and the amalgamation of the ancient and the modern value concepts and then led the college to the contemporary education with the help of the west lore, which produced a remarkable effect on the transition of the modern society.