畜禽养殖废弃物资源化的经济可行性分析

Economic Analysis on Uses of Livestock Manure on Cropland

畜禽粪几乎包含了植物生长的所有必需养分,但是近年来粪肥却成为使用效益最低的资源.粪肥还田是将畜禽养殖废弃物资源化的最经济且有效的途径.粪肥还田主要受到粪肥的使用费用以及粪肥供给地到粪肥使用地运输费用的影响.本次研究以福建为案例区域,对粪肥还田整个过程进行费用效益分析,以评估粪肥资源化的经济可行性,同时在费用和效益持平的条件下,得出粪肥的最经济运输距离.结果表明:使用粪肥的费用低于使用化肥的费用,农户使用粪肥在经济上是可行的.在粪肥使用费用与化肥使用费用持平的情况下,粪肥可以从较远的供给地运到使用地.对鸡粪、猪粪、牛粪而言,其最经济运输距离分别为43.9km、13.3km、5.2km.研究结果显示,鸡粪是这3种畜禽粪中养分含量最高、同时又最具有经济效益的粪肥.

Livestock manure contains almost all the nutrients for plant growth.However,it represents one of the most underutilized resources presently.One of the most popular ways is using the manure on cropland.A major problem of uses of manure is high application and transportation cost from the farm to the field.This study evaluates the effect of these factors on the uses of manure on cropland by cost-effect analysis and determines the break-even hauling distance, which is the maximum distance traveled to equate the cost of hauling and spreading the required quantity of manure to the cost of commercial fertilizer for a given rotation system.The results show that the cost of using manure is lower than the cost of fertilizer and it is feasible that farmers use manure.The break-even hauling distance is 43.9 km for chicken manure,13.3 km for pig manure,and 5.2 km for cow manure.The chicken manure is the most efficient types among the three manure based on economic analysis.