1950～2002年昆山市急性传染病的流行趋势

THE PREVALENCE TREND OF ACUTE INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN KUNSHAN CITY FROM 1950 TO 2002

目的 :探讨昆山市 195 0～ 2 0 0 2年急性传染病流行趋势 ,为研究制定防病对策提供依据。方法 :运用描述流行病学方法分析急性传染病的发病率、死亡率变化趋势。结果 :平均发病率、死亡率大幅度下降、大多数传染病得到有效控制 ,其中 2 0世纪 5 0～ 6 0年代以自然疫源性地方病为主 ,占总发病数的 4 4 .0 4 %～ 6 5 .0 8% ,70年代以呼吸道疾病为主 ,占总发病数的 5 5 .11% ,80～ 90年代以肠道传染病为主 ,占总发病数的 77.2 7%～ 77.89% ,性传播疾病自 1990年发病率呈上升趋势 ,5 0年代发病居前 5位的疾病是疟疾、麻疹、痢疾、百日咳、流行性感冒 ,而近 5年则为性病、肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、伤寒。结论 :该市急性传染病疫情出现新的特点 ,应及时制定科学的防制对策 ,加强预防和监测力度。

Objective: To discuss the prevalence trend of acute infectious diseases in Kunshan city from 1950 to 2002 in order to provide basis for prevention. Methods: The alteration of both morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases were analysed by the method of descriptive epidemiology. Results: Average morbidity and mortality has been declining while most of the infectious diseases are under control.During the period of 1950 to 1969,the numbers of natural focal disease cases occupied the domination,accounted for 44.04%～65.08% in total numbers of disease cases.In the 70's,the numbers of respiratory infectious disease patients accounted 55.11% in total numbers of patients.The numbers of intestinal infectious disease patients accounted for 77.27%～77.89% in total numbers of patients from the 80's to the 90's,while STD incidence rate has been increasing since 1990.According to the incidence rates,the top 5 infectious diseases were malaria,measles,dysenteric,diphtheria,influenza in the 50's.However,STD,hepatitis,dysenteric,tuberculosis and typhoid took the lead in the recent 5 years.Conclusion:There is a lot of work to be done in the field of infectious disease prevention with the epidemic situation of acute infectious diseases in Kunshan city.Supervision and surveillance should be strengthened,and scienfific measures of control should be provided as early as possible.