沈阳市哮喘患者就医状况的抽样调查结果分析

Epidemiological investigation of medication in patients with asthma in shenyang

目的对沈阳市区人口进行哮喘流行病学抽样调查,了解哮喘患者的就医状况。方法随机抽样以沈阳市区两个街道的常住居民为调查对象,进行有关哮喘的问卷调查,对疑诊患者行肺功能检查。结果总流调人口数24 176人(男11 955人,女12 221人),确诊哮喘299例(男102例、女197例),其中首次确诊191例,占63.88%;常用药物依次为茶碱制剂、强的松、抗组织胺药、异丙基肾上腺素气雾剂、中药、麻黄素、吸入β2-激动剂、吸入皮质激素;按文化程度和按月人均收入分组,低学历组哮喘严重度分级显著高于高学历组,低收入组哮喘分级明显高于高收入组。结论应提高基层医院医生的哮喘诊治水平,更好地贯彻哮喘防治指南。

Objective: To investigate the asthma incidence and medication in urban inhabitants of Shenyang. Methods: The residents lived in two residential neighborhoods from an industrial and a cultural district were selected as objects of epidemic investigation by random sampling. The objects suspected as asthmatic patients were selected for lung function determination. Result: 24 176 residents (male 11 955 and female 12 221) were investigated. 299 cases (male 102 and female 197) were diagnosed as asthmatic patients. The medications taken usually in those patients were theophylline, prednisone, isoproterenol aerosol, antihistamics, Chinese traditional medicines, ephedrine, inhaled β2-angonist and their educational level and monthly income. The asthmatic symptom in lower educational level and lower income group was significantly more severe than that in higher educational level and higher income groups. Conclusion: It was significant to improve local doctor′s diagnose abilities and their medication standards for the purpose of effective implementation of the guideline of asthmatic prevention and treatments.