网络文学对文学批评理论的挑战

On the Challenge of Web Literature to Literary Criticism

论文在自觉地意识到网络文学对于文学批评理论的挑战这一事实的基础上,提出应该建立网络文学的批评原则和批评标准。通过对一些文学网站个案的考察,概括出网络文学快捷、方便、充分地自由和个人主义,主要功能是泄导人们心理淤积以获得心理平衡,以及个人倾诉的文学形态等特点。而网络文学批评原则与标准的建立必须与这些特点相适应。同时论文提出与网络文学批评原则相关的几个理论问题,即虚拟空间与物理空间的关系及民族文化认同问题;网络文学与传统文学的关系与批评原则确定的问题;网络文学的批评标准与传统文学批评标准的同构问题;超文本网络文学对既有文学理论和传统批评原则的挑战问题等。

The authors hold that a new criterion of literary criticism is needed for the large-scale emergency of web literature and new literary principles are called for accordingly.After close scrutiny of some of the literary websites, the paper sums up the key features of these literary works: quick, convenient, free for self expression and individualistic ideas; functioning as a cathartic force to realize psychological balance. Critical criteria and principles ought to be based on these features. The paper further discusses relevant issues such as the relationship between virtual space and real space, ethnic identification, the relationship between web literature and conventional literature, coexistence of the new critical criterion and conventional standards, and the impact of hypertext literature upon traditional criticism, etc.