试论当代政治哲学的学理基础

Academic and Theoretical Basis of Contemporary Political Philosophy

当代自由民主倾向的政治哲学以规范性伦理和道义诉求为基调 ,这有助于克服传统的实证主义的某些缺陷 ;其方法论特点是自由理性主义 ,诉诸广义的理性进行科学合理的论证 ,以克服非理性主义、直觉和盲信的偏颇 ;其基本理论包括个人主义、社会契约论、功利主义和道德多元主义 ,这些理论互有争论 。

Contemporary liberal political philosophy takes normative ethical appeal as its key tone, which is useful to overcome some shortcomings of positivism; its methodological feature is liberal rationalism, resorting to the rationality in a board sense for scientific and rational demonstration to avoid irrationalism, intuition and fanaticism; its basic theories include individualism, social contract, utilitarianism and moral pluralism, which conflict with each other, and constitute the major foundation of the current mainstream political philosophy.