肺血流频谱在肺癌患者围手术期的动态变化及其对肺切除术危险性的评估

Sequential variation of pulmonary flow spectrum and its value on the evaluation of risk for pulmonary resection in perioperative patients with lung cancer

目的 探讨肺癌患者肺切除术后多普勒肺血流频谱的动态变化及多普勒肺血流频谱对肺癌肺切除危险性的评估。方法 分别测定 49例肺癌患者全肺 ( 12例 )及肺叶 ( 3 7例 )切除术前、术后 3～ 5天、术后8～ 10天的多普勒肺血流频谱 ,并按手术方式及术后有无心律失常进行分组。结果 肺切除术后 3～ 5天所有患者肺血流频谱均发生改变 ,表现为右室射血前期 (PEP)延长 ,右室射血加速时间 (ACT)缩短 ,PEP/ACT升高 ,肺动脉平均压 (PAMP)及肺血管阻力 (PVR)均升高 ,这些数据与术前相比有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。肺叶切除患者在术后 8～ 10天上述指标恢复至术前水平 ,而全肺切除组在术后 8～ 10天上述指标的改变仍持续存在。肺切除术后有心律失常组与无有心律失组术前的肺血流频谱有明显差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 肺癌患者肺切除术后肺循环血液动力学明显改变 ,全肺切除术改变持续时间更久。肺切除术后心律失常患者术前肺循环血液动力学的指标已有明显改变。多普勒肺血流频谱既能有效地观察肺切除术后肺循环血液动力学指标的变化 。

Objective To explore the sequential variation of pulmonary flow spectrum and its value on evaluation of risk for pulmonary resection in perioperative patients with lung cancer. Methods Forty nine patients with lung cancer who underwent pneumonectomy (12 cases) and lobectomy (37 cases) were observed for the values of Doppler pulmonary flow spectrum before operation, on the 3 5 days and 8 10 days postoperatively. Moreover the patients were divided into different groups according to the different operative procedures and with or without postoperative cardiac arrhythmia. Results Doppler pulmonary flow spectrum changed in all cases who underwent pneumonectomy and lobectomy from 3 to 5 days postoperatively. These changs included prolonged preejection period (PEP), shortened acceleration time (ACT), increased PEP/ACT ratio, increased pulmonary artery mean pressure (PAMP), and increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). There were significant differences comparing with those before operation ( P <0.01). The patients who underwent lobectomy recovered to the same level of pre operation on the 8th to 10th postoperative days. However, the changes of pulmonary flow spectrum continuously existed in the patients who underwent pneumonectomy on the 8th to 10th postoperative days. There were significant differences of pulmonary flow spectrum between patients with postoperative arrhythmia and without postoperative arrhythmia before operation. Conclusion Pulmonary hemodynamic obviously changes after pulmonary resection in the patients with lung cancer and the changes last longer in pneumonectomy patients. Patients with postoperative cardiac arrhythmia have marked pulmonary hemodynamic changes before operation. Doppler pulmonary flow spectrum can not only be used to analyse the pulmonary hemodynamic changes for those cases undergoing pulmonary resection after operation, but also to evaluate the risk of pulmonary resection before operation.