用高温高压水精练蚕丝及冻结解冻法回收丝胶的研究

Studies on Silk Degumming Process in Water at High Temperature and Sericin Recovery by Freezing and Unfreezing Method

以粗纤度生丝及普通纤度生丝为材料 ,采用高温高压水精练蚕丝 ,丝胶的平均分子量随温度的增加逐步降低 ,10 0℃时丝胶分子量为 2 0万～ 6 5万 ,130℃时 ,为 13万～ 4 3万以下。蚕丝经 12 0℃精练 1h后脱胶干净 ,且练液无污染 ,利于丝胶的回收利用。采用冻结解冻法回收其丝胶 ,可使 110℃精练的丝胶回收率达 80 %以上 ,温度增高回收率降低 ,冻结次数增多回收率提高。

By studying on the common and coarse fibred silk degumming in water at high temperature,the experiment showed that the silk have been effectively degummed in water for 1 h at 120 ℃,and it is an ideal means to obtain sericin whose average molecular weight decreased gradually along with the rise of temperature,and was 200～65 thousands at 100 ℃ while 130～43 thousands at 130 ℃,which has low cost and no contamination.Recovering the sericin by freezing and unfreezing method,the results showed that the recovery rate of sericin is above 80% at 110 ℃ and the increasing of temperature leaded to the decrease of recovery rate,the increasing of freezing times leaded to raise recovery rate of sericin.