儿童眼外伤住院病例分析

Clinical analysis for ocular trauma in children

目的 :探讨儿童眼外伤的发生、发展规律 ,了解儿童外伤的致伤原因、致伤物、外伤种类、并发症及治疗和预防等的特点。方法 :回顾分析 14岁以下儿童眼外伤 16 0例的临床资料。结果 :16 0例儿童眼外伤占同期眼外伤 5 6 0例的 2 8.6 % ,男女童的比例为 5 .6 7:1,年龄 11个月～ 14岁 ,平均 9岁。农村与城市儿童之比为 3.85 :1。眼球穿通伤 90例 ,眼球钝挫伤 38例 ,爆炸伤 2 5例 ,异物 16例 ,化学伤 (碱烧伤 ) 5例。儿童眼外伤并发症多严重影响视力 ,及时治疗 ,合理用药 ,对减少和治疗并发症极为重要。结论 :学校和家庭要加强儿童眼外伤的预防 ,伤后及时就诊和治疗眼外伤并发症是恢复视力的关键。

Objective: To explore the produce and developing rules of ocular trauma in children. To understand the characteristics of trauma in cause, traumatic substance, type, complications, treatment and prevention.Method:The clinical data of 160 cases with ocular trauma in the age of ≤14 years old were anslysed retrospectively.Results:160 children with ocular trauma occupied 28.6% of total ocular trauma (560 cases) in the same period. The ratio between male to female was 5.67 to 1.The youngest was 11 months and the oldest was 14 years old, the mean age was 9 years old. The ratio between rural and city was 3.85 to 1. Penetrating injuries was in 90 cases, contusions of eyeball in 38 cases, explosive injuries in 25 cases, intraocular foreign bodies in 16 cases, chemical burns (alkali burns)in 5 cases. The traumatic substances were a great variety. The ocular trauma and his complication could bring bad effect on children′s visual acuity, so it is very important to treat immediately and appropriately to reduce the complications of ocular trauma in children.Conclusion: The prevention of ocular trauma in children must be strengthen by schools and families. Seeking medical advice in time and treating the complications of ocular trauma are the keys to the recovery of visual acuity.