质子交换膜燃料电池研究及应用现状

Review on proton exchange membrane fuel cell and its applications

介绍了国内外质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)研究的整体现状及水平,分别讨论了PEMFC的3个关键部件:质子交换膜的材料要求,电化学反应催化剂的特点,膜电极的组成、制备工艺和最新进展,重点讨论了全氟磺酸型质子交换膜的类型、优缺点和当前的研究方向。在此基础上,追述了近年来国内外以PEMFC作为电动汽车动力源的实际应用情况,并指出应用PEMFC存在的问题。可以看到,PEMFC具有广阔的应用前景,将会在电动汽车方面得到最早的商业化应用。

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an electrochemical device with clean energy,low pollution and high efficiency. The PEMFC history and its present R&D status in the world are introduced. Especially the three key parts of the PEMFC system including proton exchange membranes, electro catalysts and membrane electrodes are discussed, referring to their general requirement and manufacture techniques. The merits and demerits of the recent developed perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane are also compared. Finally, PEMFC applications in novel automobiles are listed and its problems with it for the future study are pointed out. As a matter of fact, PEMFC is a promising technique and can be expected to be commercially applied in electric automobiles firstly.