我国批发与零售环节的地位、作用与演变趋势

The Changing Roles of Wholesale and Retail Trade in China

本文研究了我国市场经济体制下批发与零售环节地位与作用的演变趋势,对比、分析、描述与探讨了近年来我国批发与零售环节销售业务的数据及其总量、结构、演变趋势和原因等。在此基础上,提出了如下观点:批发环节不会在流通市场化过程中消亡,而是呈现出淘汰、整合、创新与发展的趋势;我国传统“批发环节主导零售”的地位,正在发生“批发环节服务于零售环节与用户”的根本性变化,而零售环节在商品流通渠道中的主导地位与作用越来越明显;由商品自然属性和社会属性的差异性决定,商品流通渠道向多样化的构成方向演变,批发环节已不是商品流通过程的必经环节。

This paper tries to illustrate the changing roles of wholesale and retail trade in China. By quantitive analysis onstatistical data of recent years, the paper shows that: (1)the wholesale trade will not disappear, instead it willundergone a restructuring and innovative process; (2) the pattern of goods distribution is gradually becoming aretailer-dominated one with wholesalers playing a serving role; (3) the economic and natural characters of dif-ferent goods will lead to the diversity of channels so that in some cases wholesalers may not be needed.