榕树与其共生小蜂的利益冲突及资源分配

Conflicts and Resource Allocation in the Coevolved Mutualism of Figs and Fig Wasps

本试验研究了 5个雌雄同株榕树种与其共生小蜂的利益冲突以及榕树资源在共生体系中的分配情况。研究表明 ,尽管在榕树的花序果中各层子房中都有种子和小蜂产生 ,榕树的种子多产生在靠壁外层子房中 ;而共生小蜂则多产生在中层或内层子房中。研究结果还表明五个榕树种的种子产出显著大于小蜂。由研究结果可知 ,小蜂能够在雌雄同株不同层子房中产卵 ,也能为处于不同子房层的雌花授粉。因此榕树的种子及其共生小蜂均可以在不同子房层产生。但种子与小蜂的产出率却说明榕树的雌花分层现象是调节种子和小蜂产出率的主要因素。

Five monoecious fig species were studied about the conflicts and resource allocation in the coevolved mutualism of figs and fig wasps.Results showed that the seeds of figs were mostly produced in the outer ovary layers and the larvae of wasps mostly in the interval or inner ovary layers,although there are both seeds and wasps in any ovary layers.In our study,the production of seeds was significantly higher than larvae of wasps.The results indicated that larvae of wasps could be produced in any ovary layers where the wasps oviposit their eggs or pollinate in the female flowers and that the stratification of female flowers of figs is the key regulating the production of seeds and wasps though they were both could be produced in any ovary layers.