沙枣淀粉烷基多糖苷的制备与性能

Preparation and Property of Alkyl Polyglucosides of Oleaster Starch

以植酸和对甲苯磺酸二元体系为催化剂,以沙枣和脂肪醇作原料,采用转糖苷法合成了烷基多糖苷表面活性剂。确定较佳工艺条件为:m(乙二醇)∶m(十二醇)∶m(沙枣粉)=12∶1∶1;常压反应,温度90～100℃;沙枣糖转化率接近100%。测定其表面张力为25 9～28 9mN·m-1,25℃时临界胶束浓度为2×10-5mol/L,HLB值为18,并对其结构进行了红外测定。合成的烷基糖苷(APG)产品可应用于农药乳化,餐具洗涤剂等。

Alkyl polyglucosides(APG) were prepared by reation of ethyleneglycol,oleaster starch and dodecyl alcohol in mole ratio 12∶1∶1 with plant acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid as synergistic catalyst at 90～100 ℃ for 6～8 h.Conversion of oleaster starch sugar reached 100%.Structure of the synthesized oleaster starch APG was characterized by IR.Its CMC is 2×10^(-5) mol/L,HLB is 18 and surface tension is 25.9～28.9 mN·m^(-1).The APG can be used for tableware detergent and shampoo etc.