西北地区荒漠化防治与生态恢复若干问题的探讨

Land Desertification Control and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China

气候的干旱化倾向是西北地区荒漠化发生、发展的背景条件,人地关系矛盾突出是土地荒漠化加速扩展的内在根源。因此,荒漠化防治的根本措施就应该从控制人口和提高土地承载力入手,逐步缓解和消除人口对环境的压力。针对以往荒漠化防治和生态恢复中存在的问题,讨论了需要进行思路创新和制度创新的有关内容,并提出了荒漠化防治需要重视和研究解决的重大问题。

Drought is a basic background condition necessary for the onset of desertification, while human (utilization) of land and land degradation are primary influences on the process of desertification in northwestern China. Therefore, measures to constrol land desertification should be focused on abating environmental impact of human activity, for instance population should be controlled and the carrying capacity of the land should be increased. Acknowledging existing challenges in preventing land desertification and undertaking ecological restoration, this paper presents a discussion of new thinking and management systems. The crucial problems that need to be addressed with respect to ecological environment construction are put forward.