土壤-植被-大气系统水和热传输机理及区域蒸散模型(英文)

Water and Heat Transfer Mechanics in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum and Regional Evapotranspiration Model

在不同空间和时间尺度上建立了估算土壤 植被 大气系统水、热传输的模型 ,并且在华北平原中国科学院两个农业生态试验站设计了 3个试验 ,验证模型的精度和有效性 .第一个模型是基于瞬时通量观测基础上建立的植被冠层光合 导度 蒸散耦合模型 ,它模拟的结果与涡度相关系统测定结果比较一致 ;第二个模型为一维 3层的土壤水量平衡模型 ,此模型成功用于模拟 1 998— 2 0 0 3年度太行山山前平原不同灌溉条件下的土壤水分深层入渗和蒸散过程 ;第三个模型为区域能量通量和日蒸散模型 ,它基于卫星遥感数据和地面同步观测而建立 ,本模型可以监测区域地表的干旱状况 ,用于估算区域能量通量和日蒸散 .

Three models were constructed for estimating water and heat transfer in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC) in different spatial and temporal scales. Three kinds of experiments have been conducted for the models at two Agro-ecosystem Stations, Chinese Academy of Sciences in the North China Plain, since 1998. The first model is the Coupled canopy Photosynthesis-Conductance-Evapotranspiration (ET) Model (CPCEM), which was applied to simulate CO 2 and water fluxes above plant canopies well, compared with the measurement. The second one is the one-dimension and three-layer Soil Water Balance (SWB) model, which was successfully used to simulate soil water deep percolation and ET under different irrigation schedules in 1998—2003. The third one is the regional energy fluxes and daily ET model, which is based on remotely sensed and synchronous surface data. It was successfully used to estimate surface energy fluxes and daily ET in a regional scale.