夏大豆品种抗倒伏性的遗传研究

Genetic Study on Lodging Resistance of Soybean Varieties

本文利用6个夏大豆品种通过双列杂交保留下来的F_3代材料,对抗倒伏性进行了配合力和遗传特性分析。结果表明,抗倒伏性的一般配合力和特殊配合力均方都达到极显著差异;除油84—30和油82—10外,其它4个亲本的一般配合力效应均达到显著水平;不同组合的特殊配合力效应也存在很大差异。抗倒伏性呈加—显性遗传模型,异质等位基因间表现部分显性,显性方向为减数,亲本中显性基因多于隐性基因。抗倒伏性的加、显性效应都重要,但其加性效应占绝对优势。相关分析表明,大豆抗倒伏性与株高、主茎节数、主茎丛数呈显著正相关,而与小区产量、茎粗呈显著负相关。

The F_3 data from a diallel cross among 6 soybean varieties were used in this study to investigate the combining ability and genetic property of lodging resistance. The results showed that lodging resistance had significant GCA and SCA (P<0.01). The parents expressed significant GCA effects((?)_i) (P<0.05) except for oil 84-30 and oil 82-10. The SCA effects ((?)_(ij)) were significantly different with different crosses. Lodging resistance conformed to 'additive-dominant' model in its inheritance and showed partial dominance among the different allelic genes with a decreasing effect. There were more dominant genes than recessive genes in the parents. Both additive and dominant genetic effects were significant, but the former was absolutely superior. The correlation analysis indicated that lodging resistance was positively correlated (P<0.05) with plant height, nodes and clusters per mainstem but negatively correlated (P<0.05) with yield perplot and stem diameter.