玉米姊妹系和姊妹种配合力效应及遗传成分分析

Analysis of the Combining Ability Effects and the Genetic Elements of Corn Sister Lines and Sister Crosses

对不同世代姊妹系有及其姊妹种穗部性状配合力效应以及遗传成分进行了分析。结果表明，姊妹系及其姊妹种彼此间存在显著差异，姊妹系４和Ｓ２代姊妹种３×４的配合力效应最高，姊妹系２和Ｓ５代姊妹种１×２最差；姊妹种与对应姊妹系的配合力效应是一致的；穗部性状σＧＣＡ＾２均在８０％以上，以加性效应为主，姊妹系选育过程中，应注重穗粗和午粒重的选择。

Analysis have been carried out on the combining ability effect and the genetic element of the ear characters of sister lines and their sister crosses in different generations. The results are as follows: Significant differences exist between the sister lines and the sister crosses. The combining ability effects of sister line 4 and S_2 generation sister cross 3×4 are the highest, while whose of the sister line 2 and S_5 generation sister cross the lowest, the combining ability effect of sister crosses is identical to that of the corresponding sister lines. The variance of general combining ability of ear characters are all over 80%, and are mainly additive effects. Therefore in the process of sister line selection, much attention should be paid to the selection of ear diameter and 1000 kernel weight.