猪毛蒿精油光活化抑制稗草生长及作用机理

Activity of photodynamic inhibiting growth to weed and action mechanism of essential oil from Artemisia scoparia

采用小杯法,测定猪毛蒿精油在0 1～10 0mg/L质量浓度范围内,对稗草光活化抑制根、茎伸长的效果.结果表明:光照与非光照猪毛蒿精油均表现对稗草根伸长的抑制活性,光照显示更强抑制效果,特别对茎长的抑制活性更为显著.利用生化酶学方法,测定精油对稗草细胞保护酶活力的影响.结果表明:在0 1～10 0mg/L浓度范围内,猪毛蒿精油能诱导激活GST、GSH Px和POD,而且光照可显著提高3种酶的活力.但对SOD则具有抑制活性.电镜观察,猪毛蒿精油可引起稗草愈伤组织细胞结构的严重损伤.

Using the method of small glass, bioassay was conducted to study the activity of the essential oil extracted from Artemisia scoparia at different concentration on growth inhibition of root and stem of the weed Echinochloa crusgalli. The results showed that the essential oil inhibited the growth of root and stem of the weed under light and non-light, while the activity was higher under light than that under non-light. Activity assayed of several protective enzymes indicated that except the superoxide dismutase (SOD) was inhibited, the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and peroxidase (POD) were induced and enhanced greatly by essential oil in the callus of E. crusgalli under light.The observation under electron microscope showed that the membrane in cell of callus exposed to the essential oil was damaged under light. The cells of callus were destroyed totally because of a great stress of oxidation in the callus caused by the essential oil. It was indicated that the biological membrane was the main target for the essential oil action.