水资源约束下河西走廊的城市竞争能力与扩张幅度研究

Competitiveness and Extent of regional Expansion Restricted by Water Resource of Hexi Corridor

基于西北干旱区河西走廊7个城市市区的水资源供应状况及其短缺程度和城市化进程加快与水资源短缺二者的矛盾关系,分析了在水资源约束下河西走廊城市竞争力和城市扩张的变动幅度等问题。认为河西走廊绝大多数城市"缺水又费水",城市发展具有明显的"旱生性"。在水资源约束下,城市扩张的总体特征表现为以总量扩张为主,"农转非"空间和用地拓展空间大,以高耗低效扩张为主,水土资源投入产出效益普遍低下,城市发展处在主靠资源开发拉动经济增长的低级阶段,扩张质量有待提高。为了确保城市的有序竞争与扩张,建议在城市建设过程中坚持以人为本,以水为生命线,以经济发展为动力,以城市规划为法定依据,先发展后扩张,量水依法优质扩张,突出城市建设特色与个性,确保城市可持续发展。

The paper analyzes the competitiveness and the mutative extent of urban expansion restricted by water resource, according to the situation of water supply and scarcity of the seven cities of Hexi corridor in the arid areas of northwest China. The relationship between the acceleration of urbanization and the scarcity of water resource is incompatible. Most cities of Hexi corridor is badly short of water, and the water utility is generally inefficient in these areas. Development process of the cities is evidently a mode of urban growth in arid areas. With the restrict of water resources, the characteristics of the cities expansion give priority to the gross expanding, and the extent of the agricultural population transferring to the non-agricultural and land-use expansion is large. At the same time, it is also the main method of the expansion that high consumption comes along with low benefit, that is to say that the benefits of input and output of water and soil resource is generally low. The development of the cities is in a low phases which is mainly driven by resource exploitation, and the expanding quality is under promotion. The compositor of the competitiveness from the strong to the weak is Jiayuguan-Zhangye-Jiuquan -Jinchang-Wuwei-Dunhuang-Yumen. In the future 30 years, the amount of population living in cities and the land areas of urban built-up regions will centralize and increase step by step restricted by water resource. The net increase of the gross of population in cities will be 1.14×10^(10), with 8.7×10~5 non-agricultural residents in cities and 7.47×10~5 in the urban areas. The net increase of built-up regions is 85.14 km^2, and the level of urbanization is 35.14%。Metropolises and megapolises will not come forth with steady administration system. Middling cities will still be Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan, Jinchang, Jiayuguan. And small cities will be Dunhuang, Yumen, Yongchang. To insure the competition and expansion be in order, the advice is persisting in the theory of people-oriented and taking water as the lifeline and economy develop as driven force, and taking city programming as the legal rule. It should be the first to develop, and then to expand. It is also important to improve the quality of urban expansion under the rules and restrict of water resource. The characteristics and individuality of the cities should be stood out, making sure about sustainable development.