跨国公司技术转移研究评述

Studies on Technology Transfer from MNEs: A Survey

跨国公司是影响世界经济发展和技术进步的重要力量。本文通过对1960年代以来国内外学术界有关跨国公司技术转移影响东道国或地区经济增长和技术进步的理论和实证研究成果进行细致的分析和梳理发现:整体上看,跨国公司的直接投资对东道国或地区经济增长和技术进步的影响是不确定的。在很多情况下,跨国公司的技术控制会造成东道国或地区企业长期的技术依赖。更重要的是,学术界一直缺乏基于提高东道国或地区技术创新能力视角的研究,更缺乏精确度量技术转移程度的指标体系,而这正是我们全面、客观、科学评价跨国公司技术转移和技术扩散的出发点。

MNEs are very important power to drive economy development and technology progress all over the world. This paper analyzed the theoretic and economec studies of the technology transfer from MNEs to host countries, and found: The influence on the technology progress of host countries from FDI of MNEs is uncertain. In many circumstances, technology control of MNEs can lead to long-time technology dependence of enterprises in host countries. The more important, we made so few studies based on the technology progress of host counties, and we made much less studies on the index system to accurately measure the degree of technology transfer, but they are our logical beginning to evaluate the technology transfer and technology diffusion of MNEs generally, objectively and scientificaly.