试析危害国家安全的因素

An Analysis of the Factors Threatening National Security

危害国家安全的因素可分为自然和社会两个方面,自然因素即通常所说的"天灾",社会因素则是通常所说的"人祸"。从整个人类历史以及国家安全的历史看,危害人类安全以及国家安全的"天灾"主要包括洪、涝、旱、震、虫、疫等等自然灾害;危害国家安全的"人祸"又包括"内忧"与"外患"两个方面,其中"内忧"主要有内战、内乱、分裂、破坏等活动,以及各种形式的极端主义和国内恐怖主义,"外患"主要有军事入侵、政治颠覆、文化侵略、间谍情报活动以及在当代国际社会蔓延的各种形式的国际恐怖主义等。这就需要我们以系统安全观为指导,运用系统的原则和方法,具体分析和及时化解各种威胁和危害国家安全的因素,有效地保障国家安全。

The factors threatening national securities can be classified into two categories, natural and social. Among them, the former is usually called 'natural calamities', while the latter 'man-made disasters'. When we observe the issue from the entire human history and the history of national security, we find that the 'natural calamities' endangering human and national securities mainly refers to floods, droughts, earthquakes, plagues of insects, epidemic disease, etc while 'man-made disasters' threatening national securities usually consists of two aspects, national and international factors, which are collectively called 'internal and external troubles' in Chinese. The so-called 'internal troubles' includes such kinds of activities as civil war, civil strife, disruption, plotted sabotage as well as all types of extremisms and internal terrorisms. The 'external troubles', on the other hand, is composed of military invasion, political subversion, cultural invasion, espionage activities as well as all manners of international terrorisms spreading throughout the world today. Faced with these threats and dangers, we have to abide by the guidance of the view of systematic security and observe and resolve all the factors threatening national securities with systematic principles and methods before the national security can be effectively guaranteed.