影响母猪生产力性状的因素分析

Analysis on Factors Affecting Sow Productivity Traits

对二花脸猪、大白猪及其杂交一代3个群体共计1686窝生产力性状资料进行了最小二乘方差分析。结果表明,交配类型、胎次、分娩年份、分娩季节、分娩年份×分娩季节和产活仔数极显著影响初生窝重、初生仔猪平均重、20日龄窝重、20日龄仔猪平均重、45日龄窝重和45日龄仔猪平均重。母猪生产力性状各固定效应都具有极显著(P<0 0001)的最小二乘均值。与大白猪相比,二花脸猪抚育能力较强,生长速度较慢。夏季分娩的母猪具有最高的初生窝重和初生仔猪平均重;春季和冬季分娩的母猪具有最高的20日龄窝重和20日龄仔猪平均重;冬季分娩的母猪具有最高的45日龄窝重和45日龄仔猪平均重。窝重性状最小二乘均值随产活仔数增加而明显增加,仔猪平均重性状最小二乘均值随产活仔数增加而明显下降。

Least squares variance analysis was conducted on sow productivity traits of three population with (1 686) litters including the Erhualian pig, the Large White and the first cross. The results indicated that mating type, parity, farrowing year, farrowing season, farrowing year × farrowing season and number born alive had highly significant effects on litter weight at birth (LW), average piglet weight at birth (APW), litter weight at 20 days (LW20), average piglet weight at 20 days (APW20), litter weight at 45 days (LW45), average piglet weight at 45 days (APW45) in sows. The fixed effects for sow productivity traits all had significant (P<0.0001) least squares means. The Erhualian pigs had stronger maternal ability and slower growth rate compared with the Large White. The sows farrowed in summer had the highest LW and APW, and that in spring and winter had the highest LW20 and APW20,when farrowed in winter they had the highest LW45 and APW45. The least squares means for litter weight traits markedly increased with the increase in the number born alive, the least squares means for average piglet weight traits markedly decreased with the increase in the number born alive.