安徽省土地利用现状与生态安全分析

An Analysis of Eco-safety of Land Use in Anhui Province

根据安徽省自然资源质量与分布等特征讨论安徽省土地利用与生态安全。耕地的安全问题表现为面积减小、质量降低、利用强度大和生产率低,提高耕地质量、实现耕地总量平衡和粮食安全是解决该问题的途径;森林生态安全问题主要表现森林组成结构不合理、质量不高和生态服务功能较低等,调整林种结构、加大林业科技投入和建设生态林业等措施可逐步实现森林生态安全;矿区的生态安全突出的表现为固体废物、地表塌陷对环境的危害,采用先进技术开采矿产、拓宽固废利用渠道和实施土地复垦等方法可以实现矿区的生态安全。

Base on the characteristics of natural resource′s quality and distribution,the eco-safety of land use is investigated.The main eco-safety problem is that the quantity and quality of cultivated land is decreasing, the intensity of utilization is higher, the productivity is lower. The way to resolve the problem is to improve the quality and to realize equilibrium of overall cultivated land and food safety. The main problem of forest eco-safety is that the forest structure is unreasonable and the forest quality and the function of eco-service are lower. The measure of realizing forest eco-safety is adjusting forest structure,increasing technological and scientific input and building eco-forest. The outstanding issue of eco-safety in mining area is solid waste,earth surface subsidence and its influence to environment. It can be used to realize mining eco-safety that adopting advanced technology to exploit minerals,utilizing solid waste through various channels and recovering land.