大学生乙型肝炎指标检测、相关知识问卷调查及干预对策

Detection of HBV Immunological Markers in University Students:Questionnaire and Discussion of Intervention

目的 进一步开展学校卫生保健工作 ,提高大学生对乙肝传染病的自我保健意识。方法 对大学生进行乙肝 5项指标抽样检测及其相关知识问卷调查 ,并对检测的结果进行统计分析。结果 在 2 418受检者中检出HBV总感染率 (不包括HBsAb)单项阳性 )为 2 6.80 % ;HBsAg阳性率为 4.47%。共检出HBV血清标志物模式 11种。问卷调查结果 :学生对乙肝发病原因、传染源、传播途径了解情况不够理想。就餐没自带碗筷和洗刷与家人或同学共用牙杯、牙刷仍存在一定比例。从医学保健课和医务人员中获得乙肝知识比例只有 13 .0 6%和 4.5 6% ,有 5 0 .64 %的人未涉及过乙肝知识教育。已接种疫苗的学生有 66.70 % ,未接种有 3 3 .3 0 %。结论 加强大学生健康行为的养成 ,在大学生中普及卫生保健课 ;对入学的新生进行乙肝 5项检测 ,各项指标全阴性者 。

Objective To heighten health care work in universities and raise the consciousness of self health care against hepatitis B among university students.Methods Five HBV immunological markers were detected; knowledge about HBV was investigated by questionnaire, and the results were analyzed statistically.Results The overall HBV infectious rate was 26.80% excluding those who had single positive HBsAb. The percentage of HBsAg positivity was 4.47% in 2,418 samples. Eleven modes of serum markers were detected. The results of questionnaire showed that there was a lack of knowledge about the etiology, sources of infection and routes of transmission about HBV among the students. Sharing dining bowls and chopsticks, toothbrushes and cups with classmates and family members was not an uncommon phenomenon.Conclusions It’s important to enhance education of behavioral health and popularize health care courses in universities. It is necessary to detect the five HBV immunological markers in freshmen and inoculate HBV vaccine to those whose five immunological markers are negative.