苦瓜数量性状遗传距离与杂种优势关系的研究

The Relationship between Genetic Distance and Heterosis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantica L.)

6个苦瓜高世代自交系分成两组,按不完全双列杂交设计配制9个杂交组合。利用11个数量性状计算主成分遗传距离。以遗传距离为自变量,杂种优势为依变量,进行回归分析。结果表明:产量和果长杂种优势与遗传距离之间分别为显著和极显著直线关系,回归方程分别为Y=7.5718+3.2272X和Y=-5.8529+1.5946X。单果质量和果径杂种优势与遗传距离之间无相互关系。分析认为单果质量为产量的重要构成性状,而叶柄长、节间长为果长的重要构成性状。对遗传距离预测杂种优势的应用问题进行了讨论,认为遗传距离预测杂种优势可进一步进行研究。

Six self-lines of bitter gourd were divided into two groups and 9 crosses were made by incomplete diallel cross. Genetic distance of principal components was calculated by using 11 quantitative characters. Using genetic distance as independent variable and heterosis as dependent variable, we carried out regressing analyses. The results showed that there was a significant linear relationship between genetic distance and yield heterosis and a very significant linear relationship between genetic distance and fruit length heterosis, and their regression equation were Y=7.5718+3.2272X and Y=-5.8529+1.5946X,respectively.Relationships between individual fruit mass and fruit width heterosis and genetic distance weren't found in this study. Individual fruit mass was an important constituent character of yield, while leafstalk length and node length were two important constituent characters of fruit length. Applied outlook of genetic distance to forecast heterosis was discussed in this paper. Further research should be conducted for genetic distance to forecast heterosis.