土壤侵蚀学科发展战略

Development Strategy on Soil Erosion Science in China

进入21世纪,我国土壤侵蚀研究迎来了新的发展机遇和挑战。详细述评了国内外土壤侵蚀学科发展历程,提出了土壤侵蚀学科研究存在的问题,如研究对象的复杂性和不确定性,基础数据积累不足与共享性差,研究思路和方法急需创新,基础科学研究落后于生产实践等。基于对我国土壤侵蚀学科研究的社会需求和科学需求的分析,提出了土壤侵蚀学科前沿布设和优先领域,如土壤侵蚀过程与机理,土壤侵蚀预报模型,土壤侵蚀环境效应评价,侵蚀灾害预警,重大工程及全球变化对侵蚀环境影响和土壤侵蚀研究新技术与方法等。

Coming into the 21st century,scientific researches on soil erosion meet new opportunities and challenges.Based on the detailed reviewing development progresses in soil erosion science in the world,main existing problems for scientific researches on soil erosion in China were pointed out,such as the complexity and uncertainty of research object,shortage of data accumulation and weakness of data share,innovation of research ideas and technologies,basic scientific research being behind practices.Based on analyzing the social and scientific needs for soil erosion science,front and priority issues on soil erosion science were identified,including soil erosion processes and mechanisms,soil erosion prediction models,environmental impact assessment of soil erosion,soil erosion disaster forewarning,the major project and global change impact on erosive environment,and new technologies and methods for soil erosion research.