比较文学学科“永恒危机”的逾越──兼及巴斯奈特与米勒的“比较文学危机论”

A Research On the Transgression of The “Eternal Risk” View In Comparative Literature Discipline

从20世纪中期到今天一直存在比较文学“危机论”,笔者结合英国学者巴斯奈特与美国学者米勒的观点剖析了这一历史现象。认为这种危机论有合理的一面,也存在不足之处。认为比较文学学科的研究对象与方法有缺陷,但是通过辩证的比较思维可以使得比较文学的研究对象与方法得到明确。同时对于一些片面理解比较文学研究对象与方法的论点进行了批评,提出了新的比较文学学科对象论、比较文学定义与系统的方法论。

A saying of that there is a risk existed in the Comparative Literature Discipline has been existed since 1950’s. The reasons has been found out in this research paper. The author realizes that the saying itself at one side is reasonable, but at another side is also with some shortcomings. The research subject and the methodology of the Comparative Literature Discipline is with problems, however it can be clarified by a comparative thinking characterized with the way of dialectic method. An innovative theory of subject and the methodology of the Comparative Literature Discipline as well as the new definition has been established in this paper after the severe criticism of the aforesaid saying.