著作权法中合理使用制度及其适用问题研究

A Research into the Reasonably using system in the Copyright Law and the Application Problems

在法律允许的范围内,使用者可以自由使用他人的作品,但不能以合理使用为借口,任意使用他人作品。超出法律规定的范围使用他人的作品就是侵权行为。著作权法中有关合理使用的规定,不论是其他国家还是中国,基本采用的是列举式,而非穷尽式,这使得法律判断标准具有较大的模糊性,也使合理使用与侵权界限的区分成为司法实践中最易引起争议的问题之一。为了使合理使用这一法律规定更具操作性,在著作权法中明确合理使用的判断标准,细化一些限制规定是必要的。只有这样才能减少争讼,并进而使著作权人的利益以及合理使用他人作品者的利益都能得到有效的保障,实现法律的保护功能和利用功能。

The user can use others' works freely within the scope of being allowed by the law,But he cannot use others' works arbitrarily with reasonably using as the excuse,Using others'works beyond the restriction of law is the behavior of infringing upou rights. In the way of citing examples but not in the way of exhaustive using is adopted in the rules of reasonably using in the copyright law whether in other countries or in China,which makes the law judging standard become vaguer and the distinctinon between reasonably using' and infringing upon rights' become one of the most controversial problems in judicial practice. In order to make the law 'reasonably using'more applicable,it is necessary to state clearly the judging standard of reasonably using in the copyright law and lay down in detail some restrictive rules. Only in this way can we reduce disputes,protect the benefits of the authors and the users who reasonably use others' works and realize the protecting and using function of law.