解读《大双心河》中海明威的自然观——兼论《大双心河》中的叙事视角

An Analysis of Hemingway's Views of Nature in Big Two-Hearted River——On the Narrative Perspective in Big Two-Hearted River

《大双心河》采用人物尼克的和无名叙事者的两个叙事视角。双心河暗示了故事的双重含义,表现了两种截然不同的自然观:一方面是尼克渴望驾驭自然的以人类为中心的观点,另一方面是叙事者不以人为中心的对自然的开明和尊敬态度。尼克试图从驾驭自然中克服心理失衡,然而他的心理健康最终取决于其超越自己的局限、战胜自己的控制欲以及其接受并欣赏自然的多样性即生活的复杂性的能力。

Recent theories of narratology finds two narrative perspectives, namely that of the narrator as well as that of Nick, in 'Big Two-hearted River'. The two-heartedness of the river suggests the two-folded meaning of the story, projecting two different views of nature--on the one hand Nick's anthropocentric need to master the natural environment and on the other hand the narrator's non-anthropocentric openness and respect for whatever nature may represent. Nick attempts to master the natural environment so as to overcome his mental imbalance, but his mental health ultimately depends on his capacity to move beyond this impasse, to relinquish his need for control, and to learn to accept and appreciate the variety of nature--which is to say the complexity of life.