小儿肺炎235例病原学临床分析

A Clinic Pathogenic Analysis of 235 Cases with Wean Pneumonia

目的 :对小儿肺炎进行病原学分析 ,以指导临床选用抗生素。方法采用无菌吸痰管连接负压吸引器吸取 84 8例小儿肺炎鼻咽深部的痰液 ,在 2h内进行痰液涂片与培养。结果阳性标本为 2 35份 ,阳性率为 2 7.71%。检出细菌 10余种 ,其中流感嗜血杆菌 6 5例、肠杆菌 35例、肺炎克雷伯氏菌 30例、表皮葡萄球菌 2 8例、金黄色葡萄球菌2 5例、不动杆菌 13例 ,其它包括链球菌、绿脓假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、副流感杆菌等共 39例。结论细菌感染是小儿肺炎的重要原因 ,流感嗜血杆菌、肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌是主要的致病菌 ;季节不同各种细菌所占比例也不同。

Objective:To analyze the pathogen of wean pneumonia.Methods:The sputum of deep nasopharynx from the 848 cases of wean pneumonia was collected by aseptic inhale phlegm pipe which was connected with aspirator of negative pressure.The samples were smeared and cultured within 2 hours.Results:There were 235(27.71%)cases showing positive bacteria in the samples.More than 10 kinds of bacteria were detected.They involved 65 cases with H.influenzae,35 with Enterobacter,30 with K.pneumonia,28 with S.epidermidis,25 with S.aureus,and 13 with Acinetobacter.The others 39 cases showed streptococcus,P.aeruginosa,C.albicans,H.parainfluenzae etc.Conclusion:Bacterial infection is an important factor for wean pneumonia.The main pathogenic bacteria involve H.influenzae,Enterobacter,K.pneumonia,S.epidermidis and S.aureus;The proportion of bacterial species in positive samples varies with different season.