187例胎儿肾脏的研究

Study on Kidneys of 187 Human Fetuses

收集河南地区15～40周胎儿187例。测其体重和肾重,结果表明:二者有显著的正相关关系,相关系数为0.9966,回归方程=0.4958+0.0030x(x-体重);肾重随胎龄(x)变化的回归方程为=0.1959e^(0.4003x)。各龄部分肾脏按常规石蜡切片,光镜观察结果:15周胎肾小体、肾小管数目较少,间质丰富;皮、髓质分明,由皮质浅层至深层肾小体体积渐增大、结构渐成熟。肾小体和肾小管数目于16～32周迅速增加。24周后部分肾小体血管球呈分叶状,一般2～4叶。26周后皮质中有典型的髓放线和迷路相间排列。致密班见于24周以后。

The body and kidney weights of 187 fetuses collected in Henan Province were measuredand the kidney histogenesis was observed under microscope.The statistical analysis showed that there wasa significant positive linear regression between the body and kidney weight with the coefficient of correla-tion 0.9966 and the equation =0.4958+0.0030x(x-body weight);whereas the kidney weight was-relatedwith the age of fetus exponentially with the equation ()=0.1959e^(e 0.4003X)(x-age).In 15-week-old fetus,there were fewer renal corpuscles and renal tubules and abundant connective tissue,the renal corpusclesbecame better developed and their volumes increased gradually from the subcapsular cortex tojuxtamedullary region.The number of the renall corpuscles and reenal tubules increased significantly from16 to 32 weeks,but slightly from 32 weeks on.Generally 2-4 lobes of capillary could be seen in glomerulusafter 24 weeks,also macula densa.