传感器网络中的数据融合

An Overview of Data Aggregation in Sensor Networks

传感器网络通常由大量的能量有限的传感器节点组成,利用无线通信技术从各个节点收集信息,在军事监视、环境监测等诸多方面有广泛的应用前景。如何高效利用传感器节点的能量而获得较长的生存时间是传感器网络需要解决的重要问题。数据融合机制利用节点的运算和存储能力,能够减少网络的数据传输量,是高效利用节点能量的机制之一。本文在简单介绍传感器网络的基础上,说明数据融合的作用和分类,重点分析目前提出的主要数据融合机制。

Sensor networks, consisting of a large number of sensor nodes with limited battery power and the ability for local computation, gather useful information from the nodes using wireless communication technology. Such sys- tems have proposed for a broad use in many applications including military surveillanceand environmental monitoring. It is a critical consideration to collect sensedinformation in an energy efficient manner for obtaining a long lifetime of the sensor network. As one of the mechanisms that can make use of the energy of the sensor nodes efficiently, data aggregation can reduce the traffic in network byutilizing the abilities of the nodes in local computation and storage. Based on a simple introduction of sensor networks, this paper specifies the funcfionsand the classification of data ag- gregation, and analyzes the main aggregation schemes proposed in detail.