肥大细胞起源的研究

A Study On the Origin of Mast Cells

本研究以青年豚鼠为材料,组织块以Bouin液固定,石蜡切片,改良的H.E法染色。利用豚鼠肥大细胞具有球形和梭形两种异染性胞质颗粒,而有别于其他粒细胞这一特殊标志,对肥大细胞的可能起源器官进行了全面观察。结果表明:(1)在红骨髓内存在有前肥大细胞和幼肥大细胞。前肥大细胞的数量少.个体大,分布于造血组织的中央,胞核大,着色淡,有清晰的核仁。胞质少,胞质颗粒稀疏,球形颗粒占多数,少数为梭形。常可看到有丝分裂相;幼肥大细胞的数量多.个体较小,散在分布于造血组织及血窦。胞核变小,可见核仁,随着胞质的增多,颗粒的数量增加。(2)在胸腺内幼肥大细胞与胸腺细胞具行相同的发育、分化规律。随着幼肥大细胞的发育成熟,胞核变小.核仁消失,胞质增多,异染性颗粒增加,尤以梭形颗粒增加较多。逐渐由皮质移向髓质,而变为成熟的肥大细胞。(3)在各次级淋巴器官和疏松结缔组织内则为均一类型的成熟肥大细胞。由此认为,肥大细胞属于血源性细胞,起源于红骨髓的造血干细胞,分化、成熟于胸腺。

Tissues from young guinea pigs were immobilised with Bouin Liquid, stained with an improved H. E method and buried in hard paraffin and then sliced. Mast cells were obseved in the organs in which mast cell might originate by recognizing the spheroidal and spindle cytoplasmic granules presented exclusively in mast cells,but not in any other granulocytes. The following results were obtained:1. There are less promast cells and more immature mate cells in red marrow. Promast cells are biger in size, distibuting in the central area of the myelogenous hemopoietic tissue, with Large and Light stained nuclei and clear nucleales. Only a small proportion of a cell is taken by the cytoplasma in which there are quite a few granules and the globular ones contribute more,whereas the spindle ones do less. Mitosis can be often observed in promast cells. Immature mast cells are smaller in size, distrbuting evenly in the hemopoietic tissue and in blood sinuses. Nuclei are becoming smaller and nucleoles can still be found. Granules are getting more as the cytoplasma increases. 2. Immature mast cells and thymocytes have the simillar regular patterns of development and differetiation in the thymus. As the development and maturation of immature mast cells,their nuclei are getting smaller, nucleoles disappear, the cytoplasma increases and metochromatic . granules .esp. The spindle ones, appear moreandthe cells migrate gradully form the cortex to themedulla, eventually becoming maturated. 3. There are only uniform maturated mast cells in all secondary lymph organs and loose connective tissues. Therefore.it can be considered that mast cell belongs to hematogenic cell, namely. originates from the stem cells in red marrow.differentiates and maturates in thymus.