面神经颞支的应用解剖学研究

<title> Applied Anatomy on Temporal Branches of the Facial Nerve

目的:为预防额颞区手术和翼点入路的颅内手术损伤面神经颞支提供解剖学资料.方法:60侧成人头部标本,解剖观测面神经颞支的分支、行程及层次.结果:(1)面神经颞支多为2～4支,占95.00%(57侧).(2)面神经颞支离开腮腺上缘后向前上走行,从颧弓浅面跨过进入额颞区,后走行于浅筋膜和颞筋膜浅层之间;在腮腺上缘及颧弓上缘处面神经颞支的最后1支距耳屏尖的距离分别为(23.79±0.27)mm和(30.67±0.37)mm.结论:面神经颞支入肌前在颧弓以下一段位置较深、以上表浅.从耳屏尖向前23mm范围内无该神经通过,为手术安全区.

<abstract>jective:To provide the morphologic basis for the preservation of temporal branches of the facial nerve under operation on temporal and frontal region and pterional craniotomy. Methods: The branch sorts of temporal branches of the facial nerve and course and characteristics were dissected and observed on 60 sides of adult head specimens. Results: Temporal branches of the facial nerve chiefly exist in two to four branches(95.00% ,57 sides) .They go upwards and forwards and reach the temporal and frontal region after crossing the zygomatic arch. At the upper - edge of parotid gland and zygomatic arch, the straight distances from the top of screen of ear to the most posterior temporal branches are (23. 79±0.27) mm and (30.67±0.37) mm. Conclusion: Temporal branches of the facial nerve are located deep over zygomatic arch and superficially below zygomatic arch. It is a safe area because there is not any temporal branch of the facial nerve in front of the top of screen of ear in 23mm.