不同水肥管理对冬小麦灌浆影响的模拟研究

Modeling kernel filling of winter wheat for optimum field management

在河北省衡水市中国-加拿大合作研究试验站,结合田间试验对不同水肥管理条件下冬小麦的灌浆过程进行了研究。结果表明,小麦粒重的大小主要取决于灌浆时间和强度,子粒的灌浆过程可较好地用Logistic函数描述。小麦生长前期的水分胁迫有利于加快其发育进程,促使早抽穗灌浆。灌浆期适宜的水分状况可延缓小麦的灌浆进程,由于较大灌浆速率持续的时间较长,增加千粒重的潜力较大。小麦的群体密度是影响收获粒重的主要因素之一,随着穗密度的增大,灌浆速率和千粒重逐渐降低。随着施氮量的增加,小麦的干粒重下降,这主要与施氮的增穗作用有关。

This study was conducted at Hengshui Dengzhuang China-Canada Experimental Station. The kernel filling process of winter wheat was observed and analyzed. The results showed: The kernel filling process of winter wheat could be described with Logistic equations. The field management had large effects on the kernel filling process and harvest grain weight. The grain weight mainly depended on length and strength of kernel filling period. The beginning and peak of kernel filling could be delayed with better soil moisture condition and higher nitrogen application. The highest filling rate decreased as plant population increased.