珍稀濒危植物沙冬青花生物学研究

A study on flower biology of endangered plant Ammopiptanthus mongolicus

沙冬青蝶形花冠,柱头具指状突起,分长柱头和短柱头.群落花期约47 d,单花花期约7 d,分为露黄、微开、盛开、凋谢4个时期.TTC法测定4个时期花粉均具活力,可保持70 d左右,苯胺蓝测定柱头可受性3～4 d.沙冬青花一般在开花前一天就开始泌蜜,开花第2～3 d,分泌量达到高峰,花后4～5 d产蜜量减少直至停止,日泌蜜和散粉集中在10:00～14:00.沙冬青开花受环境的影响.

Ammopiptanthus mongolicus has papilionaceous corolla with stigama like tower of finger shape, which is made up of the long stigama and the short stigama. The florescenece in large scale is about 47 d,and the single florescenece can last 7 d. The blooming period is divided into four parts-yellow appearing, partly blooming ,full blooming and withering, all of which proves that the four periods have pollen viability. The pollen viability can last 70 d. The life-span of receptive stigamas can last 3-4 d. The flower starts to secrete nectar usually one day before its blooming. Secreting nectar quality reaches the peak 2-3 d after its blooming, and 4-5 d after its blooming begins to reduce until stopping secreting nectar. Secreting nectar and spreading pollen take place between 10:00-14:00. In addition, the characters of flower blossom was observed to be closely connected with the environment.