贵阳地区2001年出生缺陷调查分析

Investigation on year 2001's inborn Defect in Guiyang,Guizhou

目的 通过对贵州省贵阳市城区和部分郊县农村 2 0 0 1年出生缺陷调查 ,了解出生缺陷发生率 ,发生顺位和相关病种 ,分析出生缺陷发生的原因及影响因素 ,人群分布和患病特点 ,为该市制定出生缺陷干预方案提供依据。方法 由经统一培训的专业技术人员对 2 0 0 1年出生的 14 92 8名小儿家庭进行问卷调查和检查 ,填写统一调查表。结果 ①发现出生缺陷儿 2 5 5例 ,出生缺陷发生率 17.0 8‰ (2 5 5 / 14 92 8)。②共有 4 4种病种 ,前 5位是 :腹股沟斜疝、先心病、唇腭裂、多指 (趾 )和智力低下。③城镇患儿 110例 (43.14 % ,110 / 2 5 5 ) ,农村患儿 14 5例 (5 6 .85 % ,14 5 / 2 5 5 )。④汉族患儿 2 14例 (83.92 % ,2 14 / 2 5 5 ) ,少数民族患儿 4 1例 (16 .0 8% ,4 1/ 2 5 5 )。⑤患儿母亲高中以上文化程度 6 3例 (2 4 .71% ,6 3/ 2 5 5 ) ,初中以下 192例 (75 .2 9% ,192 / 2 5 5 )。⑥患儿母亲年龄≥ 30岁 71例 (2 7.84 % ,71/ 2 5 5 ) ,<30岁 184例 (72 .16 % ,184 / 2 5 5 )。⑦男性患儿 16 5例 (6 4 .71% ,16 5 / 2 2 5 ) ,女性患儿 87例 (34.12 % ,87/ 2 5 5 )。结论 本市出生缺陷发生率高于全国平均水平 ,患儿男性多于女性 ,农村出生缺陷高于城镇 。

Obuective: Through the investgation on Year 2001's inborn defect in Guiyang Cityj,it's suburbs and countryside,after knowing its outbreak rate,the order grows of occurence and related diseases,and lyzing the causes,the influential factors, the distribution and characteristics, we and provide bases for the goverment to work out the intervention plan.Methods:The trained professionals de the questionaires and check-ups among 14928 families which had babies born in 2001.Results: ①255 cases of inborn defect were found, accounting for 17.08‰(255/14928). ②The top 5successively of the 44 diseases flund are as follows;the indirect hernia, the congenital heart anomaly,the cleft lip and palate,the hyperdactylia, the mental ratardation. ③110 cases in city of towns, (43.14%,110/255),while 145 cases in countryside ( 56.86%,145/255). ④214 cases in Han people(83.92%,214/255), while 41 cases in national minorties(16.08%,41/255). ⑤63 mothers received high school education(24.71%,63/255)),while 192 mothers received no higher than middle school education(75.29%,192/255). ⑥71 mothers of those cases are at the age of 30 or above when giving birth, and 184 mothers are under 30, respectively take the rate 27.84% and 72.16%. ⑦male ,165 cases,64.71%(165/225);female, 87 cases, 34.12%(87/225).Conclusion:The outbreak rate of inborn defect in our city is above the average rate of our nation; boy sufferers are more than girl sufferers; it's more likely to occur in the countryside than cities and towns; the Level Three intervention should be laid in the countryside.